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+# Overview
+
+This document compares Python SDKs generated from Swagger (OpenAPI) specifications versus TypeSpec. For clarity, we'll refer to these as "Swagger SDKs" and "TypeSpec SDKs" respectively.
+
+## Model
+
+### Model Structure
+
+#### Msrest Model
+
+Swagger SDKs are generated from [Swagger specifications](https://github.com/Azure/azure-rest-api-specs/tree/main/specification) using [@autorest/python](https://www.npmjs.com/package/@autorest/python), and implement the Msrest model pattern. The following example illustrates the fundamental structure of an Msrest model:
+
+```python
+class Person(_serialization.Model):
+    _attribute_map = {
+        "name": {"key": "name", "type": "str"},
+        "parent_name": {"key": "parentName", "type": "str"},
+    }
+
+    def __init__(self, *, name: Optional[str] = None, parent_name: Optional[str] = None) -> None:
+        ...
+```
+
+#### DPG Model
+
+TypeSpec SDKs are generated from [TypeSpec](https://github.com/microsoft/typespec/) using [@azure-tools/typespec-python](https://www.npmjs.com/package/@azure-tools/typespec-python), and implement the DPG model pattern. The following example demonstrates the fundamental structure of a DPG model:
+
+```python
+class Person(_Model):
+    name: Optional[str] = rest_field()
+    parent_name: Optional[str] = rest_field(name="parentName")
+
+    @overload
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        *,
+        name: Optional[str] = None,
+        parent_name: Optional[str] = None,
+    ) -> None: ...
+
+    @overload
+    def __init__(self, mapping: Mapping[str, Any]) -> None: ...
+
+
+    def __init__(self, *args: Any, **kwargs: Any) -> None:
+        super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
+```
+
+### Model Usage
+
+#### Msrest Model Usage
+
+```python
+msrest_model = Person(name="xxx", parent_name="xxx")
+print(msrest_model.name)
+print(msrest_model.parent_name)
+
+# Access model as a dictionary
+json_model = msrest_model.as_dict()
+print(json_model["name"])
+print(json_model["parentName"])
+```
+
+#### DPG Model Usage
+
+```python
+dpg_model = Person(name="xxx", parent_name="xxx")
+print(dpg_model.name)
+print(dpg_model.parent_name)
+
+# Access model directly as a dictionary
+print(dpg_model["name"])
+print(dpg_model["parentName"])
+```
+
+By comparing these usage patterns, we can see that DPG models can be accessed directly as dictionaries without calling `.as_dict()`, providing a more convenient experience.
+
+#### Usage Note
+
+For backward compatibility, DPG models continue to support the `.as_dict()` method for existing SDK users.
+
+### Model Flattening
+
+When a property is marked with `"x-ms-flatten": "true"` (as described [here](https://azure.github.io/autorest/extensions/#x-ms-client-flatten)), nested properties can be accessed directly in Msrest models as follows:
+
+#### Simple Flattening Example
+
+```python
+class Person(_serialization.Model):
+    _attribute_map = {
+        "name": {"key": "properties.name", "type": "str"},
+    }
+
+    def __init__(self, *, name: Optional[str] = None) -> None:
+        ...
+
+msrest_model = Person(name="xxx")
+print(msrest_model.name)  # equivalent to `msrest_model.serialize()["properties"]["name"]`
+```
+
+When an inner property name matches an outer property name, a prefix is added to avoid name collisions:
+
+#### Complex Flattening Example
+
+```python
+class Person(_serialization.Model):
+    _attribute_map = {
+        "name": {"key": "name", "type": "str"},
+        "properties_name": {"key": "properties.name", "type": "str"},
+    }
+
+    def __init__(self, *, name: Optional[str] = None) -> None:
+        ...
+
+msrest_model = Person(name="xxx", properties_name="properties_name")
+print(msrest_model.name)
+print(msrest_model.properties_name)  # equivalent to `msrest_model.serialize()["properties"]["name"]`
+```
+
+Due to inconsistent usage of flattening in some Swagger specifications, property names can become unwieldy and user-unfriendly. For this reason, **DPG models do not support flattening**.
+
+#### Flattening Compatibility Note
+
+For legacy SDKs generated from Swagger that are migrated to TypeSpec, we've designed a [compatibility mechanism](https://azure.github.io/typespec-azure/docs/howtos/generate-client-libraries/07types/#flattening) to minimize breaking changes. However, for deeply nested flattened properties, code updates may be required:
+
+```python
+# Msrest model
+msrest_model = Model(...)
+
+print(msrest_model.properties_name) # A, equivalent to `msrest_model.serialize()["properties"]["name"]`
+print(msrest_model.properties_properties_name) # B, equivalent to `msrest_model.serialize()["properties"]["properties"]["name"]`
+
+# After migration to TypeSpec
+dpg_model = Model(...)
+print(dpg_model.properties_name) # A, backwards compatible but not recommended
+print(dpg_model.properties.name) # equivalent to A
+print.dpg_model.properties_properties_name) # no longer works
+print(dpg_model.properties.properties.name) # recommended approach after migration
+```
+
+### Additional Properties
+
+#### Additional Properties in Msrest Models
+
+To support [additional properties](https://www.apimatic.io/openapi/additionalproperties), Msrest models include an `additional_properties` parameter:
+
+```python
+msrest_model = Model(additional_properties={"hello": "world"})
+print(msrest_model.as_dict()) # output is `{"hello": "world"}`
+```
+
+#### Additional Properties in DPG Models
+
+DPG models inherently support additional properties through dictionary-like behavior:
+
+```python
+dpg_model = Model({"hello": "world"})
+# or
+dpg_model = Model()
+dpg_model.update({"hello": "world"})
+# or 
+dpg_model = Model()
+dpg_model["hello"] = "world"
+
+print(dpg_model) # output is `{"hello": "world"}`
+```
+
+#### Additional Properties Note
+
+DPG models don't have property named `additional_properties` anymore.
+
+## Operations
+
+### Query/Header Parameters in Operations
+
+Query and header parameters in Swagger-generated SDKs are positional, while in TypeSpec-generated SDKs they are keyword-only:
+
+```python
+# Swagger SDK
+client.operation("header", "query") # A
+client.operation(header_parameter="header", query_parameter="query") # equivalent to A
+
+# After migration to TypeSpec
+client.operation("header", "query") # no longer works
+client.operation(header_parameter="header", query_parameter="query") # correct approach
+```
+
+## File Name Changes
+
+After migration, some internal file names change, but these changes do not affect SDK users:
+
+```
+_xxx_client.py => _client.py
+_xxx_enums.py  => _enum.py
+_models_py3.py => _models.py
+```
+
+### File Name Note
+
+Files that name starts with `_` are internal files.