diff --git a/.chronus/changes/babel-memo-naming-2026-2-13.md b/.chronus/changes/babel-memo-naming-2026-2-13.md
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..d1e4132b2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.chronus/changes/babel-memo-naming-2026-2-13.md
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+---
+changeKind: feature
+packages:
+  - "@alloy-js/babel-plugin-jsx-dom-expressions"
+---
+
+Add human-readable expression names to auto-memoized JSX expressions in dev builds to improve debug trace readability.
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-alloy/test/memo-naming.test.ts b/packages/babel-plugin-alloy/test/memo-naming.test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..845044873
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-alloy/test/memo-naming.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+import { transformSync } from "@babel/core";
+import { join } from "node:path";
+import { describe, expect, it } from "vitest";
+
+const pluginPath = join(
+  import.meta.dirname,
+  "../../babel-plugin-jsx-dom-expressions/index.js",
+);
+
+function transform(code: string, addSourceInfo: boolean) {
+  const result = transformSync(code, {
+    plugins: [
+      [
+        pluginPath,
+        {
+          moduleName: "r-custom",
+          builtIns: ["For", "Show"],
+          generate: "universal",
+          addSourceInfo,
+        },
+      ],
+    ],
+    filename: "test.js",
+  });
+  return result?.code ?? "";
+}
+
+describe("memo naming (addSourceInfo)", () => {
+  it("adds name for simple member expression", () => {
+    const out = transform("const x = <>{signal.value}</>;", true);
+    expect(out).toContain('false, "signal.value"');
+  });
+
+  it("adds name for chained member expression", () => {
+    const out = transform("const x = <>{a.b.c}</>;", true);
+    expect(out).toContain('false, "a.b.c"');
+  });
+
+  it("adds name for call expression", () => {
+    const out = transform("const x = <>{getData()}</>;", true);
+    expect(out).toContain('false, "getData"');
+  });
+
+  it("adds name for numeric computed property", () => {
+    const out = transform("const x = <>{arr[0]}</>;", true);
+    expect(out).toContain('false, "arr[0]"');
+  });
+
+  it("adds name for string computed property", () => {
+    const out = transform('const x = <>{obj["key"]}</>;', true);
+    expect(out).toContain('false, "obj[key]"');
+  });
+
+  it("adds name for optional chaining", () => {
+    const out = transform("const x = <>{a?.b}</>;", true);
+    expect(out).toContain('false, "a.b"');
+  });
+
+  it("does not add name when addSourceInfo is false", () => {
+    const out = transform("const x = <>{signal.value}</>;", false);
+    expect(out).toContain("_$memo");
+    expect(out).not.toContain('"signal.value"');
+  });
+});
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-jsx-dom-expressions/index.js b/packages/babel-plugin-jsx-dom-expressions/index.js
index 8d474698e..bd3e74a87 100644
--- a/packages/babel-plugin-jsx-dom-expressions/index.js
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-jsx-dom-expressions/index.js
@@ -299,6 +299,51 @@ function toPropertyName(name) {
   return name.toLowerCase().replace(/-([a-z])/g, (_, w) => w.toUpperCase());
 }
 
+const MAX_EXPR_NAME_LEN = 50;
+
+/**
+ * Generate a short human-readable description from an AST expression node,
+ * used to name memoized expressions for debug tracing.
+ */
+function describeExpression(node, depth = 0) {
+  if (depth > 4) return "…";
+  if (t__namespace.isIdentifier(node)) return node.name;
+  if (t__namespace.isMemberExpression(node) || t__namespace.isOptionalMemberExpression(node)) {
+    const obj = describeExpression(node.object, depth + 1);
+    if (!obj) return null;
+    if (node.computed) {
+      const prop = t__namespace.isIdentifier(node.property) ? node.property.name :
+        t__namespace.isStringLiteral(node.property) ? node.property.value :
+        t__namespace.isNumericLiteral(node.property) ? String(node.property.value) : "…";
+      return truncName(`${obj}[${prop}]`);
+    }
+    return truncName(`${obj}.${node.property.name || "?"}`);
+  }
+  if (t__namespace.isCallExpression(node) || t__namespace.isOptionalCallExpression(node)) {
+    const callee = describeExpression(node.callee, depth + 1);
+    return callee ? truncName(`${callee}(…)`) : null;
+  }
+  if (t__namespace.isConditionalExpression(node)) {
+    const test = describeExpression(node.test, depth + 1);
+    return test ? truncName(`${test} ? …`) : null;
+  }
+  if (t__namespace.isLogicalExpression(node)) {
+    const left = describeExpression(node.left, depth + 1);
+    return left ? truncName(`${left} ${node.operator} …`) : null;
+  }
+  if (t__namespace.isTemplateLiteral(node)) return "template";
+  if (t__namespace.isArrowFunctionExpression(node) || t__namespace.isFunctionExpression(node)) {
+    // Try to describe the body
+    const body = t__namespace.isBlockStatement(node.body) ? null : describeExpression(node.body, depth + 1);
+    return body ? truncName(`() => ${body}`) : null;
+  }
+  return null;
+}
+
+function truncName(s) {
+  return s != null && s.length > MAX_EXPR_NAME_LEN ? s.slice(0, MAX_EXPR_NAME_LEN - 1) + "…" : s;
+}
+
 function transformCondition(path, inline, deep) {
   const config = getConfig(path);
   const expr = path.node;
@@ -865,7 +910,14 @@ function createTemplate(path, result, wrap) {
     }
   }
   if (wrap && result.dynamic && config.memoWrapper) {
-    return t__namespace.callExpression(registerImportMethod(path, config.memoWrapper), [result.exprs[0]]);
+    const args = [result.exprs[0]];
+    if (config.addSourceInfo) {
+      const name = describeExpression(
+        t__namespace.isArrowFunctionExpression(result.exprs[0]) ? result.exprs[0].body : result.exprs[0]
+      );
+      if (name) args.push(t__namespace.booleanLiteral(false), t__namespace.stringLiteral(name));
+    }
+    return t__namespace.callExpression(registerImportMethod(path, config.memoWrapper), args);
   }
   return result.exprs[0];
 }
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-jsx-dom-expressions/src/shared/utils.js b/packages/babel-plugin-jsx-dom-expressions/src/shared/utils.js
index e57578391..4d012b3d2 100644
--- a/packages/babel-plugin-jsx-dom-expressions/src/shared/utils.js
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-jsx-dom-expressions/src/shared/utils.js
@@ -257,6 +257,51 @@ export function wrappedByText(list, startIndex) {
   return false;
 }
 
+const MAX_EXPR_NAME_LEN = 50;
+
+/**
+ * Generate a short human-readable description from an AST expression node,
+ * used to name memoized expressions for debug tracing.
+ */
+export function describeExpression(node, depth = 0) {
+  if (depth > 4) return "…";
+  if (t.isIdentifier(node)) return node.name;
+  if (t.isMemberExpression(node) || t.isOptionalMemberExpression(node)) {
+    const obj = describeExpression(node.object, depth + 1);
+    if (!obj) return null;
+    if (node.computed) {
+      const prop = t.isIdentifier(node.property) ? node.property.name :
+        t.isStringLiteral(node.property) ? node.property.value :
+        t.isNumericLiteral(node.property) ? String(node.property.value) : "…";
+      return truncName(`${obj}[${prop}]`);
+    }
+    return truncName(`${obj}.${node.property.name || "?"}`);
+  }
+  if (t.isCallExpression(node) || t.isOptionalCallExpression(node)) {
+    const callee = describeExpression(node.callee, depth + 1);
+    return callee ? truncName(`${callee}(…)`) : null;
+  }
+  if (t.isConditionalExpression(node)) {
+    const test = describeExpression(node.test, depth + 1);
+    return test ? truncName(`${test} ? …`) : null;
+  }
+  if (t.isLogicalExpression(node)) {
+    const left = describeExpression(node.left, depth + 1);
+    return left ? truncName(`${left} ${node.operator} …`) : null;
+  }
+  if (t.isTemplateLiteral(node)) return "template";
+  if (t.isArrowFunctionExpression(node) || t.isFunctionExpression(node)) {
+    // Try to describe the body
+    const body = t.isBlockStatement(node.body) ? null : describeExpression(node.body, depth + 1);
+    return body ? truncName(`() => ${body}`) : null;
+  }
+  return null;
+}
+
+function truncName(s) {
+  return s != null && s.length > MAX_EXPR_NAME_LEN ? s.slice(0, MAX_EXPR_NAME_LEN - 1) + "…" : s;
+}
+
 export function transformCondition(path, inline, deep) {
   const config = getConfig(path);
   const expr = path.node;
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-jsx-dom-expressions/src/universal/template.js b/packages/babel-plugin-jsx-dom-expressions/src/universal/template.js
index e37a59e4f..1d54864f9 100644
--- a/packages/babel-plugin-jsx-dom-expressions/src/universal/template.js
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-jsx-dom-expressions/src/universal/template.js
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 import * as t from "@babel/types";
-import { getConfig, getNumberedId, registerImportMethod } from "../shared/utils";
+import { describeExpression, getConfig, getNumberedId, registerImportMethod } from "../shared/utils";
 import { setAttr } from "./element";
 
 export function createTemplate(path, result, wrap) {
@@ -29,7 +29,14 @@ export function createTemplate(path, result, wrap) {
     }
   }
   if (wrap && result.dynamic && config.memoWrapper) {
-    return t.callExpression(registerImportMethod(path, config.memoWrapper), [result.exprs[0]]);
+    const args = [result.exprs[0]];
+    if (config.addSourceInfo) {
+      const name = describeExpression(
+        t.isArrowFunctionExpression(result.exprs[0]) ? result.exprs[0].body : result.exprs[0]
+      );
+      if (name) args.push(t.booleanLiteral(false), t.stringLiteral(name));
+    }
+    return t.callExpression(registerImportMethod(path, config.memoWrapper), args);
   }
   return result.exprs[0];
 }