diff --git a/src/instana/__init__.py b/src/instana/__init__.py
index 5d66246e..dd55ee49 100644
--- a/src/instana/__init__.py
+++ b/src/instana/__init__.py
@@ -83,7 +83,9 @@ def key_to_bool(k: str) -> bool:
         import inspect
 
         all_accepted_patch_all_args = inspect.getfullargspec(monkey.patch_all)[0]
-        provided_options = provided_options.replace(" ", "").replace("--", "").split(",")
+        provided_options = (
+            provided_options.replace(" ", "").replace("--", "").split(",")
+        )
 
         provided_options = [
             k for k in provided_options if short_key(k) in all_accepted_patch_all_args
@@ -210,11 +212,6 @@ def boot_agent() -> None:
             server as tornado_server,  # noqa: F401
         )
 
-    # Hooks
-    from instana.hooks import (
-        hook_gunicorn,  # noqa: F401
-    )
-
 
 def _start_profiler() -> None:
     """Start the Instana Auto Profile."""
diff --git a/src/instana/agent/host.py b/src/instana/agent/host.py
index 9ecc74ca..5af9962d 100644
--- a/src/instana/agent/host.py
+++ b/src/instana/agent/host.py
@@ -83,6 +83,8 @@ def handle_fork(self) -> None:
         """
         Forks happen.  Here we handle them.
         """
+        # Update boot PID to current PID to prevent duplicate fork detection
+        self._boot_pid = os.getpid()
         # Reset the Agent
         self.reset()
 
@@ -457,9 +459,13 @@ def diagnostics(self) -> None:
             logger.warning(
                 f"is_collector_thread_running?: {self.collector.is_reporting_thread_running()}"
             )
-            logger.warning(
-                f"background_report_lock.locked?: {self.collector.background_report_lock.locked()}"
+            # RLock doesn't have a locked() method, so we check by trying to acquire
+            lock_acquired = self.collector.background_report_lock.acquire(
+                blocking=False
             )
+            if lock_acquired:
+                self.collector.background_report_lock.release()
+            logger.warning(f"background_report_lock.locked?: {not lock_acquired}")
             logger.warning(f"ready_to_start: {self.collector.ready_to_start}")
             logger.warning(f"reporting_thread: {self.collector.reporting_thread}")
             logger.warning(f"report_interval: {self.collector.report_interval}")
diff --git a/src/instana/collector/base.py b/src/instana/collector/base.py
index 23c410b3..35dc9c19 100644
--- a/src/instana/collector/base.py
+++ b/src/instana/collector/base.py
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@
 from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any, DefaultDict, Dict, List, Type
 
 from instana.log import logger
-from instana.util import DictionaryOfStan
+from instana.util import DictionaryOfStan, get_lock
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
     from instana.agent.base import BaseAgent
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ def __init__(self, agent: Type["BaseAgent"]) -> None:
         # Lock used synchronize reporting - no updates when sending
         # Used by the background reporting thread.  Used to synchronize report attempts and so
         # that we never have two in progress at once.
-        self.background_report_lock = threading.Lock()
+        self.background_report_lock = get_lock()
 
         # Reporting interval for the background thread(s)
         self.report_interval = 1
@@ -70,9 +70,12 @@ def is_reporting_thread_running(self) -> bool:
         """
         Indicates if there is a thread running with the name self.THREAD_NAME
         """
-        for thread in threading.enumerate():
-            if thread.name == self.THREAD_NAME:
-                return True
+        if (
+            self.started
+            and self.reporting_thread is not None
+            and self.reporting_thread.is_alive()
+        ):
+            return True
         return False
 
     def start(self) -> None:
@@ -80,6 +83,8 @@ def start(self) -> None:
         Starts the collector and starts reporting as long as the agent is in a ready state.
         @return: None
         """
+        # Check if we already have a valid running thread using is_alive()
+        # This is more reliable than is_reporting_thread_running() after fork
         if self.is_reporting_thread_running():
             if self.thread_shutdown.is_set():
                 # Force a restart.
@@ -93,6 +98,7 @@ def start(self) -> None:
             logger.debug(
                 f"BaseCollector.start non-fatal: call but thread already running (started: {self.started})"
             )
+            return
 
         if self.agent.can_send():
             logger.debug("BaseCollector.start: launching collection thread")
@@ -120,6 +126,8 @@ def shutdown(self, report_final: bool = True) -> None:
             logger.debug("Collector.shutdown: Reporting final data.")
             self.prepare_and_report_data()
         self.started = False
+        # Clear the thread reference to ensure clean restart after fork
+        self.reporting_thread = None
 
     def background_report(self) -> None:
         """
diff --git a/src/instana/collector/host.py b/src/instana/collector/host.py
index dfb2aacd..41d3e81d 100644
--- a/src/instana/collector/host.py
+++ b/src/instana/collector/host.py
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
 """
 
 from time import time
-from typing import DefaultDict, Any
+from typing import Any, DefaultDict
 
 from instana.collector.base import BaseCollector
 from instana.collector.helpers.runtime import RuntimeHelper
@@ -43,19 +43,20 @@ def prepare_and_report_data(self) -> None:
         state machine case.
         """
         try:
-            if self.agent.machine.fsm.current == "wait4init":
+            with self.agent.machine._lock:
+                current_state = self.agent.machine.fsm.current
+
+            if current_state == "wait4init":
                 # Test the host agent if we're ready to send data
                 if self.agent.is_agent_ready():
-                    if self.agent.machine.fsm.current != "good2go":
-                        logger.debug("Agent is ready.  Getting to work.")
-                        self.agent.machine.fsm.ready()
+                    with self.agent.machine._lock:
+                        if self.agent.machine.fsm.current != "good2go":
+                            logger.debug("Agent is ready.  Getting to work.")
+                            self.agent.machine.fsm.ready()
                 else:
                     return
 
-            if (
-                self.agent.machine.fsm.current == "good2go"
-                and self.agent.is_timed_out()
-            ):
+            if current_state == "good2go" and self.agent.is_timed_out():
                 logger.info(
                     "The Instana host agent has gone offline or is no longer reachable for > 1 min.  Will retry periodically."
                 )
diff --git a/src/instana/fsm.py b/src/instana/fsm.py
index c4145a5f..912af2df 100644
--- a/src/instana/fsm.py
+++ b/src/instana/fsm.py
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@
 from fysom import Fysom
 
 from instana.log import logger
-from instana.util import get_default_gateway
+from instana.util import get_default_gateway, get_lock
 from instana.util.process_discovery import Discovery
 from instana.version import VERSION
 
@@ -25,14 +25,16 @@ class TheMachine:
     RETRY_PERIOD = 30
     THREAD_NAME = "Instana Machine"
 
-    warnedPeriodic = False
-
     def __init__(self, agent: "HostAgent") -> None:
         logger.debug("Initializing host agent state machine")
 
+        self._lock = get_lock()
+        self._warned_periodic = False
+
         self.agent = agent
         self.fsm = Fysom(
             {
+                "initial": "*",
                 "events": [
                     ("lookup", "*", "found"),
                     ("announce", "found", "announced"),
@@ -41,7 +43,7 @@ def __init__(self, agent: "HostAgent") -> None:
                 ],
                 "callbacks": {
                     # Can add the following to debug
-                    # "onchangestate":  self.print_state_change,
+                    # "onchangestate": self.print_state_change,
                     "onlookup": self.lookup_agent_host,
                     "onannounce": self.announce_sensor,
                     "onpending": self.on_ready,
@@ -50,10 +52,11 @@ def __init__(self, agent: "HostAgent") -> None:
             }
         )
 
-        self.timer = threading.Timer(1, self.fsm.lookup)
-        self.timer.daemon = True
-        self.timer.name = self.THREAD_NAME
-        self.timer.start()
+        with self._lock:
+            self.timer = threading.Timer(1, self._safe_fsm_lookup)
+            self.timer.daemon = True
+            self.timer.name = self.THREAD_NAME
+            self.timer.start()
 
     @staticmethod
     def print_state_change(e: Any) -> None:
@@ -61,6 +64,21 @@ def print_state_change(e: Any) -> None:
             f"========= ({os.getpid()}#{threading.current_thread().name}) FSM event: {e.event}, src: {e.src}, dst: {e.dst} =========="
         )
 
+    def _safe_fsm_lookup(self) -> None:
+        """Thread-safe wrapper for FSM lookup."""
+        with self._lock:
+            self.fsm.lookup()
+
+    def _safe_fsm_announce(self) -> None:
+        """Thread-safe wrapper for FSM announce."""
+        with self._lock:
+            self.fsm.announce()
+
+    def _safe_fsm_pending(self) -> None:
+        """Thread-safe wrapper for FSM pending."""
+        with self._lock:
+            self.fsm.pending()
+
     def reset(self) -> None:
         """
         reset is called to start from scratch in a process.  It may be called on first boot or
@@ -72,14 +90,15 @@ def reset(self) -> None:
         :return: void
         """
         logger.debug("State machine being reset.  Will start a new announce cycle.")
-        self.fsm.lookup()
+        with self._lock:
+            self.fsm.lookup()
 
     def lookup_agent_host(self, e: Any) -> bool:
         host = self.agent.options.agent_host
         port = self.agent.options.agent_port
 
         if self.agent.is_agent_listening(host, port):
-            self.fsm.announce()
+            self._safe_fsm_announce()
             return True
 
         if os.path.exists("/proc/"):
@@ -88,14 +107,15 @@ def lookup_agent_host(self, e: Any) -> bool:
                 if self.agent.is_agent_listening(host, port):
                     self.agent.options.agent_host = host
                     self.agent.options.agent_port = port
-                    self.fsm.announce()
+                    self._safe_fsm_announce()
                     return True
 
-        if self.warnedPeriodic is False:
-            logger.info(
-                "Instana Host Agent couldn't be found. Will retry periodically..."
-            )
-            self.warnedPeriodic = True
+        with self._lock:
+            if self._warned_periodic is False:
+                logger.info(
+                    "Instana Host Agent couldn't be found. Will retry periodically..."
+                )
+                self._warned_periodic = True
 
         self.schedule_retry(
             self.lookup_agent_host, e, f"{self.THREAD_NAME}: agent_lookup"
@@ -156,17 +176,18 @@ def announce_sensor(self, e: Any) -> bool:
             return False
 
         self.agent.set_from(payload)
-        self.fsm.pending()
+        self._safe_fsm_pending()
         logger.debug(
             f"Announced PID: {pid} (true PID: {self.agent.announce_data.pid}).  Waiting for Agent Ready..."
         )
         return True
 
     def schedule_retry(self, fun: Callable, e: Any, name: str) -> None:
-        self.timer = threading.Timer(self.RETRY_PERIOD, fun, [e])
-        self.timer.daemon = True
-        self.timer.name = name
-        self.timer.start()
+        with self._lock:
+            self.timer = threading.Timer(self.RETRY_PERIOD, fun, [e])
+            self.timer.daemon = True
+            self.timer.name = name
+            self.timer.start()
 
     def on_ready(self, _: Any) -> None:
         self.agent.start()
diff --git a/src/instana/hooks/__init__.py b/src/instana/hooks/__init__.py
deleted file mode 100644
index e69de29b..00000000
diff --git a/src/instana/hooks/hook_gunicorn.py b/src/instana/hooks/hook_gunicorn.py
deleted file mode 100644
index e3fb8086..00000000
--- a/src/instana/hooks/hook_gunicorn.py
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,25 +0,0 @@
-# (c) Copyright IBM Corp. 2021
-# (c) Copyright Instana Inc. 2019
-
-try:
-    from instana.log import logger
-    from instana.singletons import agent
-
-    import gunicorn
-    from gunicorn.arbiter import Arbiter
-    from gunicorn.config import Config
-    from gunicorn.workers.sync import SyncWorker
-
-    def pre_fork(config: Config, server: Arbiter, worker: SyncWorker) -> None:
-        """This is our gunicorn hook to detect and act when worker processes are forked off."""
-        logger.debug("Handling gunicorn fork...")
-        agent.handle_fork()
-
-    Config.pre_fork = pre_fork
-
-    logger.debug("Gunicorn pre-fork hook applied")
-except ImportError:
-    logger.debug(
-        "gunicorn hooks: decorators not available: likely not running under gunicorn"
-    )
-    pass
diff --git a/src/instana/util/__init__.py b/src/instana/util/__init__.py
index b8b44365..044c6e5f 100644
--- a/src/instana/util/__init__.py
+++ b/src/instana/util/__init__.py
@@ -3,12 +3,40 @@
 
 import importlib.metadata
 import json
+import threading
 from collections import defaultdict
-from typing import Any, DefaultDict
+from typing import Any, DefaultDict, Union
 from urllib import parse
 
 from instana.log import logger
 
+try:
+    import gevent.lock
+
+    GeventRLock = gevent.lock.RLock
+except ImportError:
+    GeventRLock = None
+
+
+def get_lock() -> Union[threading.RLock, Any]:
+    """
+    Get an appropriate lock for the current environment.
+    Returns a gevent-compatible lock if gevent is active, otherwise a threading.Lock.
+    """
+    try:
+        # Check if gevent is active by looking for monkey-patched threading
+        import gevent.monkey
+
+        if gevent.monkey.is_module_patched("threading"):
+            from gevent.lock import RLock
+
+            return RLock()
+    except (ImportError, AttributeError):
+        pass
+
+    # Default to threading.RLock for regular threads
+    return threading.RLock()
+
 
 def nested_dictionary() -> DefaultDict[str, Any]:
     return defaultdict(DictionaryOfStan)
diff --git a/tests/collector/test_base_collector.py b/tests/collector/test_base_collector.py
index dad090b6..4639fb5a 100644
--- a/tests/collector/test_base_collector.py
+++ b/tests/collector/test_base_collector.py
@@ -54,6 +54,9 @@ def reporting_function():
             name=self.collector.THREAD_NAME, target=reporting_function
         )
         sample_thread.start()
+        # Set the required state for is_reporting_thread_running to return True
+        self.collector.started = True
+        self.collector.reporting_thread = sample_thread
         try:
             assert self.collector.is_reporting_thread_running()
         finally: