Bindable invalidates all bindings for any binding change

[watt]

Description

It seems that a change to any binding derived from @Perception.Bindable will invalidate every binding that is derived from that same bindable.

Looking at the source for Bindable, it seems this is the reason:

    public subscript<Subject>(
      dynamicMember keyPath: ReferenceWritableKeyPath<Value, Subject>
    ) -> Binding<Subject> where Value: AnyObject {
      withPerceptionTracking {
        self.$observer[dynamicMember: (\Observer.object).appending(path: keyPath)]
      } onChange: { [send = UncheckedSendable(self.observer.objectWillChange.send)] in
        send.value()
      }
    }

A withPerceptionTracking block is run for each keyPath that is subscripted, but the onChange is not scoped in any way, so any change will invalidate the entire Bindable.

This is a regression from 1.1.4 to 1.1.5 and all later versions.

Checklist

• I have determined that this bug is not reproducible using Swift's observation tools. If the bug is reproducible using the @Observable macro or another tool from the Observation framework, please file it directly with Apple.
• If possible, I've reproduced the issue using the main branch of this package.
• This issue hasn't been addressed in an existing GitHub issue or discussion.

Expected behavior

Changes to a single binding derived from a bindable only invalidate observations of that binding.

Actual behavior

Changes to a single binding invalidate every binding derived from that bindable.

Steps to reproduce

Run this view from the example app:

@Perceptible
class DemoModel {
  var toggle1 = false
  var toggle2 = false
}

struct DemoView: View {
  @Perception.Bindable
  var model: DemoModel

  var body: some View {
    WithPerceptionTracking {
      VStack {
        ToggleView(name: "1", isOn: $model.toggle1)
        ToggleView(name: "2", isOn: $model.toggle2)
      }
    }
  }
}

struct ToggleView: View {
  var name: String
  @Binding var isOn: Bool

  var body: some View {
    let _ = print("evaluated ToggleView \(name)")
    Toggle("isOn", isOn: $isOn)
  }
}

When run with Perception 1.1.4 or Apple Observation, changing a toggle causes a single log for the ToggleView that is invalidated.

Under Perception 1.1.5 and later, changing a toggle emits logs for both ToggleViews.

Perception version information

1.6.0

Destination operating system

iOS 16.4

Xcode version information

Version 16.1 (16B40)

Swift Compiler version information

swift-driver version: 1.115 Apple Swift version 6.0.2 (swiftlang-6.0.2.1.2 clang-1600.0.26.4)
Target: arm64-apple-macosx15.0

[Brett-Best]

I'm curious if you had an attempt at fixing this or not?

[stephencelis]

@watt Thanks for the report! While we're definitely open to a fix here, the issue appears to be reproducible in vanilla SwiftUI with ObservableObject:

import SwiftUI

@main
struct ExampleApp: App {
  let model = DemoModel()
  var body: some Scene {
    WindowGroup {
      DemoView(model: model)
    }
  }
}

class DemoModel: ObservableObject {
  @Published var toggle1 = false
  @Published var toggle2 = false
}

struct DemoView: View {
  @ObservedObject
  var model: DemoModel

  var body: some View {
    VStack {
      ToggleView(name: "1", isOn: $model.toggle1)
      ToggleView(name: "2", isOn: $model.toggle2)
    }
  }
}

struct ToggleView: View {
  var name: String
  @Binding var isOn: Bool

  var body: some View {
    let _ = print("evaluated ToggleView \(name)")
    Toggle("isOn: \(isOn)", isOn: $isOn)
  }
}

And we use @ObservedObject to power our back-port.

There are 2 other ways I know of to derive bindings, and we've employed both in the past but they have other issues:

1. Using Binding.init(get:set:), which has a function location that is "opaque" to SwiftUI and can cause problems with animation
2. Using @State, which has animation issues and if I remember correctly it can break when used inside a Form in some cases

And so we finally landed on using @ObservedObject, which apparently has the issues you bring up here, but which doesn't have any issues (we know of) with animation.

I'm going to migrate this to a discussion since it's really an Apple bug, but we would certainly take a PR that fixes things if it doesn't regress anything else!

[rcarver]

Looks like this is fixed in Perception 2.0. The toggle demo above only prints for the modified toggle.

MacOS 15.5
Xcode 16.4
Perception 2.0.1