The chapter on logging in the reference docs says that setting an empty console pattern can be used to disable the console logging of Spring Boot applications but this infact does not work for recent Spring Boot versions (tested on 4.x).
The correct way should probably be setting logging.console.enabled to false.
In my case setting logging.pattern.console= in application.properties produces:
$> $JAVA_HOME/bin/java --enable-native-access=ALL-UNNAMED -jar target/app-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar create-user
12:46:50,591 |-ERROR in ch.qos.logback.classic.PatternLayout("") - Empty or null pattern.