UNIVERSITY OF WEST ATTICA
SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING
DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER ENGINEERING AND INFORMATICS

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Computer Programming

C Programming Fundamentals

Vasileios Evangelos Athanasiou
Student ID: 19390005

GitHub · LinkedIn

Supervisor: Georgios Meletiou, Laboratory Teaching Staff

UNIWA Profile

Athens, November 2021

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Project Overview

The project covers fundamental concepts of the C programming language, with emphasis on variables, standard input/output, operators, and increment mechanisms, supported by practical source code examples.

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Table of Contents

Section	Folder / File	Description
1	assign/	Assignment material
1.1	assign/project2.png	Assignment description / problem statement (English)
1.2	assign/εργασία2.png	Assignment description / problem statement (Greek)
2	docs/	Theoretical documentation
2.1	docs/Basic-Elements.pdf	Basic programming elements and concepts (English)
2.2	docs/Βασικά-Στοιχεία.pdf	Basic programming elements and concepts (Greek)
3	src/	Source code implementations
3.1	src/CubeSphere.c	Geometric computation: cube–sphere problem
3.2	src/MathsIntegers.c	Integer arithmetic and mathematical operations
4	README.md	Repository overview and instructions

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1. Theory Topics Covered

1.1 Variables

A variable is a designated memory location used to temporarily store data during program execution.

Characteristics

• The stored data can change during execution.
• Users define meaningful variable names for easier understanding and maintenance.

Common Data Types

• int – Integers
• float, double – Decimal (floating-point) numbers
• char – Single characters
• bool – Logical (true/false) values

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1.2 Standard Input / Output (I/O)

Standard Input

• The input channel, usually the keyboard, used to enter data into a program.
• Function: scanf()
  • Reads user input.
  • Stores it in a variable using the address-of operator (&).

Standard Output

• The output channel, usually the screen, used to display program data.
• Function: printf()
  • Prints text messages or variable values to the console.

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1.3 Operators

Arithmetic Operators

Used to perform mathematical calculations:

• Addition (+)
• Subtraction (-)
• Multiplication (*)
• Division (/)
• Modulus (%)

Relational Operators

Used to compare values and return:

• 1 (True) or 0 (False)

Examples:

• ==, !=, <, >

Logical Operators

Used to combine or negate conditions:

Operator	Description
&& (AND)	Produces 1 only if both operands are 1
|| (OR)	Produces 1 if at least one operand is 1
! (NOT)	Reverses the logical value (1 → 0, 0 → 1)

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1.4 Increment Operators

• Pre-increment (++x)
  Increases the variable value by one before it is used in an expression.

• Post-increment (x++)
  Uses the current value of the variable before increasing it by one.

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2. Source Code Documentation

The following programs are included and fully documented in the report:

• MathsIntegers.c
  Focuses on:

  • Integer arithmetic
  • Program structure
  • Variable usage and value flow

• CubeSphere.c
  Covers:

  • Calculations related to geometric shapes
  • Example computations
  • Technical remarks and implementation details

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Installation & Setup Guide

This repository contains introductory C programming material developed for the
Computer Programming course at University of West Attica (UNIWA).

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Prerequisites

Required Software

• C Compiler

  • Recommended:
    • GCC (Linux / macOS / Windows via MinGW or WSL)

• Text Editor or IDE

  • Visual Studio Code (Recommended)
  • Code::Blocks
  • Dev-C++
  • CLion
  • Any plain text editor

Supported Operating Systems

• Windows
• Linux (Recommended)
• macOS

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Installation

1. Clone the Repository

Clone the repository to your local machine:

git clone https://github.com/Computer-Programming-aka-Uniwa/Basic.git

Alternative (Without Git)

• Open the repository URL in your browser
• Click Code → Download ZIP
• Extract the ZIP file to a local directory

Compiling & Running the Programs

2. Navigate to Source Directory

cd Basic/src

3. Compile the Programs

Using GCC:

gcc MathsIntegers.c -o MathsIntegers -lm

-lm is required to link the math library

gcc CubeSphere.c -o CubeSphere

4. Run the Programs

Linux / macOS:

./MathsIntegers

./CubeSphere

Windows:

MathsIntegers.exe

CubeSphere.exe

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Open the Documentation

1. Navigate to the docs/ directory
2. Open the report corresponding to your preferred language:
   • English: Basic-Elements.pdf
   • Greek: Βασικά-Στοιχεία.pdf