Build openspace on 22.04 docker

[hn-88]

With these changes, the build succeeds. Tested at https://github.com/hn-88/OpenSpace-AppImage/actions/runs/16873449437/job/47792538760

But @alexanderbock , would you be OK with separating the "docker build" part and the "openspace build" part? Then, I can submit a PR for ubuntu 24.04, and write scripts to create a .deb file from that docker using docker run - something similar to the docker image created at
https://github.com/hn-88/OpenSpace-AppImage/blob/main/.github/workflows/create-OS-builder-24.04-ghcr.yml
using which a deb file (not yet ready for production, needs some changes) is created using
https://github.com/hn-88/OpenSpace-AppImage/blob/main/.github/workflows/build-on-ghcr-24.04.yml

I can submit it as a separate Dockerfile and a separate Jenkinsfile pipeline.

[hn-88]

Or if you prefer a single file in the same style as this, it can be done. In that case, you don't need to push the docker file into a registry.