Feature: Add devcontainer support

[yoursdearboy]

Blocked by:

• Fix: don't check enketo keys size when ENV is DEV #1110
• Fix: set PostgreSQL credentials in dev config to be the same as in se… #1112

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Our team recently started working with ODK, and it wasn't easy for novice developers to run a development environment. We've successfully used devcontainers in other projects for a reproducible development environment and working on a server. This is the config we are using.

This PR includes commits from PRs #1110 and #1112 to make it works.

Also, it requires next changes to Vite config in client getodk/central-frontend#1274

What has been done to verify that this works as intended?

Started dev container using Visual Studio Code as per updated README.

Before submitting this PR, please make sure you have:

• branched off and targeted the next branch OR only changed documentation/infrastructure (master is stable and used in production)
• verified that any code or assets from external sources are properly credited in comments or that everything is internally sourced

[alxndrsn]

This change is already being discussed at #1110

[alxndrsn]

#1423 implementation should be used in favour of changes here

[alxndrsn]

@sadiqkhoja how is docker-compose.dev.yml/make dev currently working without this postgres config? Presumably falling back to values defined at

central/docker-compose.yml

Lines 9 to 12 in 4c30fb3

	environment:
	POSTGRES_USER: odk
	POSTGRES_PASSWORD: odk
	POSTGRES_DB: odk

and

central/docker-compose.yml

Lines 24 to 28 in 4c30fb3

	environment:
	PGUSER: odk
	POSTGRES_INITDB_ARGS: -U odk
	POSTGRES_PASSWORD: odk
	POSTGRES_DB: odk

, but I can't see how these would work with central-backend running in dev mode.

[alxndrsn]

I see that #1112 is already asking the same question.

[sadiqkhoja]

I usually create odk user in the dev db manually. I don't recreate database container as often so it's not a big deal for me.

[sadiqkhoja]

Thanks for this PR. In the past we have seen other community members interested in running whole dev setup in containers but we parked that work until we have a clear and simple option to have following developer features:

1. debugging / breakpoints
2. hot-reload

Does this PR supports above two features?