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feat(browser): add controller-level action blocklist#638

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djcrafts:feat/browser-controller-blocklist
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feat(browser): add controller-level action blocklist#638
djcrafts wants to merge 5 commits intonottelabs:mainfrom
djcrafts:feat/browser-controller-blocklist

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@djcrafts djcrafts commented Dec 21, 2025

feat(browser): add controller-level action blocklist

Fixes #231

Summary:

  • Adds ActionBlocklist to enforce action restrictions at the browser controller level.
  • Supports blocking by action type (disallow_types) and by keywords matched against element text/metadata (keywords).
  • Enforcement occurs before execution in BrowserController.execute(), raising a handled ActionExecutionError if blocked.
  • Wires optional blocklist into NotteSession.

Motivation:
Implements request to add a blocklist for the browser controller so the agent cannot execute unauthorized actions or actions including specified keywords.

Changes:

  • packages/notte-browser/src/notte_browser/controller.py: ActionBlocklist model; enforcement logic in execute().
  • packages/notte-browser/src/notte_browser/session.py: optional blocklist parameter wired to controller.
  • tests/browser/test_blocklist.py: unit tests for type and keyword blocking.

Testing:

  • Unit tests for blocklist logic passed (5 tests).
  • Local session validation confirms blocked goto action fails with a clear error.
  • Broader integration/SDK tests require credentials and were not executed locally; upstream CI will validate.

Backward compatibility:

  • Optional parameter; default behavior unchanged when blocklist is not provided.

Summary by CodeRabbit

  • New Features
    • Added a configurable action blocklist to sessions to prevent unsafe operations by type (e.g., navigation) or by keywords in interactive content; blocked attempts raise execution errors with contextual details.
  • Tests
    • Added unit tests validating type- and keyword-based blocking, including case-insensitive matching and non-matching behavior.

✏️ Tip: You can customize this high-level summary in your review settings.

…disallow specific action types and keyword-based blocking\n- Enforce policy in BrowserController.execute before running actions\n- Wire optional "blocklist" into NotteSession\n- Unit tests for type and keyword blocking
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📥 Commits

Reviewing files that changed from the base of the PR and between 3125024 and 4d3d512.

📒 Files selected for processing (3)
  • packages/notte-core/src/notte_core/browser/highlighter.py (2 hunks)
  • packages/notte-eval/src/notte_eval/data/webvoyager/convert.py (1 hunks)
  • tests/conftest.py (2 hunks)

Walkthrough

This change adds an ActionBlocklist pydantic model with fields disallow_types: set[str] and keywords: list[str] and methods is_type_blocked, is_keyword_blocked, and is_blocked. BrowserController.__init__ gains an optional blocklist parameter and self.blocklist. BrowserController.execute() checks the blocklist before dispatching and raises ActionExecutionError when an action is blocked. NotteSession forwards an optional blocklist to BrowserController. New tests validate type- and keyword-based blocking, case-insensitivity, and non-matching cases. Minor typing/implementation tweaks were made in a highlighter module and a JSON export call in a converter.

Estimated code review effort

🎯 3 (Moderate) | ⏱️ ~25 minutes

  • controller.py: review ActionBlocklist implementation, type-vs-keyword matching logic, case handling, and the placement/contents of the pre-execution check and raised ActionExecutionError.
  • session.py: confirm NotteSession forwards blocklist and initialization semantics remain intact.
  • tests/browser/test_blocklist.py: verify test snapshot construction accurately models real snapshots and that test cases cover expected edge cases (None snapshot, case sensitivity).
  • packages/notte-core/src/notte_core/browser/highlighter.py: small typing change around pixel data extraction—confirm no behavioral regressions.
  • packages/notte-eval/src/notte_eval/data/webvoyager/convert.py: trivial removal of a type-ignore comment from a DataFrame .to_json call.

Pre-merge checks and finishing touches

❌ Failed checks (1 warning, 1 inconclusive)
Check name Status Explanation Resolution
Docstring Coverage ⚠️ Warning Docstring coverage is 7.14% which is insufficient. The required threshold is 80.00%. You can run @coderabbitai generate docstrings to improve docstring coverage.
Linked Issues check ❓ Inconclusive The PR implements core blocklist enforcement at the controller level but does not fully address all objectives from issue #231 regarding LLM-aware action filtering and guided retry systems. Clarify whether filtering blocked actions from LLM inputs and implementing a guided retry system are intended as future enhancements or if they should be included in this PR's scope.
✅ Passed checks (3 passed)
Check name Status Explanation
Description Check ✅ Passed Check skipped - CodeRabbit’s high-level summary is enabled.
Title check ✅ Passed The title 'feat(browser): add controller-level action blocklist' clearly and concisely summarizes the main change: adding action blocklist functionality to the browser controller.
Out of Scope Changes check ✅ Passed All code changes are directly related to implementing the blocklist feature or supporting its integration; no unrelated modifications detected.

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Actionable comments posted: 0

🧹 Nitpick comments (3)
packages/notte-browser/src/notte_browser/session.py (1)

80-81: Consolidate imports from the same module.

The two imports from notte_browser.controller can be combined into a single statement for cleaner code organization.

🔎 Proposed fix
-from notte_browser.controller import BrowserController
-from notte_browser.controller import ActionBlocklist
+from notte_browser.controller import ActionBlocklist, BrowserController
tests/browser/test_blocklist.py (1)

29-59: Good test coverage for core scenarios.

The tests effectively validate type-based blocking, keyword-based blocking with case-insensitivity, and non-matching cases. Consider adding edge case tests for completeness in a follow-up:

  • Empty blocklist (should not block anything)
  • Action with empty/None ID for keyword check (should not block)
  • Multiple keywords where only one matches
packages/notte-browser/src/notte_browser/controller.py (1)

88-103: Consider logging swallowed exceptions for debuggability.

The bare except Exception: pass blocks silently swallow all errors. While this defensive approach prevents blocking check failures from breaking execution, it makes debugging harder when text aggregation unexpectedly fails.

🔎 Proposed improvement
+from notte_core.common.logging import logger
+
 # Aggregate potential text sources for matching
 texts: list[str] = []
 try:
     texts.append(node.inner_text())
-except Exception:
-    pass
+except Exception as e:
+    logger.trace(f"Failed to get inner_text for node {action.id}: {e}")
 try:
     texts.append(node.text)
-except Exception:
-    pass
+except Exception as e:
+    logger.trace(f"Failed to get text for node {action.id}: {e}")
 try:
     if node.attributes is not None:
         for key in ("title", "aria_label", "name", "placeholder"):
             val = getattr(node.attributes, key, None)
             if isinstance(val, str):
                 texts.append(val)
-except Exception:
-    pass
+except Exception as e:
+    logger.trace(f"Failed to get attributes for node {action.id}: {e}")
📜 Review details

Configuration used: Path: .coderabbit.yaml

Review profile: CHILL

Plan: Pro

Cache: Disabled due to data retention organization setting

Knowledge base: Disabled due to data retention organization setting

📥 Commits

Reviewing files that changed from the base of the PR and between 1249289 and 32b3e84.

📒 Files selected for processing (3)
  • packages/notte-browser/src/notte_browser/controller.py (3 hunks)
  • packages/notte-browser/src/notte_browser/session.py (2 hunks)
  • tests/browser/test_blocklist.py (1 hunks)
🧰 Additional context used
🧬 Code graph analysis (2)
packages/notte-browser/src/notte_browser/controller.py (3)
packages/notte-core/src/notte_core/actions/actions.py (2)
  • BaseAction (59-137)
  • InteractionAction (866-952)
packages/notte-core/src/notte_core/browser/snapshot.py (1)
  • BrowserSnapshot (46-104)
packages/notte-core/src/notte_core/errors/actions.py (1)
  • ActionExecutionError (10-21)
tests/browser/test_blocklist.py (5)
packages/notte-browser/src/notte_browser/controller.py (2)
  • ActionBlocklist (63-111)
  • is_blocked (110-111)
packages/notte-core/src/notte_core/browser/snapshot.py (2)
  • BrowserSnapshot (46-104)
  • SnapshotMetadata (38-43)
packages/notte-core/src/notte_core/browser/dom_tree.py (3)
  • DomNode (372-768)
  • DomAttributes (150-350)
  • ComputedDomAttributes (354-368)
packages/notte-core/src/notte_core/browser/node_type.py (2)
  • NodeType (6-10)
  • NodeRole (146-397)
packages/notte-core/src/notte_core/actions/actions.py (3)
  • ClickAction (955-972)
  • GotoAction (255-286)
  • InteractionAction (866-952)
🪛 Ruff (0.14.8)
packages/notte-browser/src/notte_browser/controller.py

90-91: try-except-pass detected, consider logging the exception

(S110)


90-90: Do not catch blind exception: Exception

(BLE001)


94-95: try-except-pass detected, consider logging the exception

(S110)


94-94: Do not catch blind exception: Exception

(BLE001)


102-103: try-except-pass detected, consider logging the exception

(S110)


102-102: Do not catch blind exception: Exception

(BLE001)

🔇 Additional comments (5)
packages/notte-browser/src/notte_browser/session.py (1)

118-126: LGTM!

The optional blocklist parameter is correctly added and forwarded to BrowserController. This maintains backward compatibility since the default is None.

tests/browser/test_blocklist.py (1)

9-26: LGTM!

The helper function creates a minimal but sufficient BrowserSnapshot for testing blocklist behavior. The construction correctly sets up an interactive button node with all necessary attributes.

packages/notte-browser/src/notte_browser/controller.py (3)

120-124: LGTM!

The blocklist parameter is correctly added to the constructor and stored as an instance attribute. The optional nature maintains backward compatibility.


430-434: LGTM!

The blocklist enforcement is correctly placed before action dispatch, preventing any side effects from blocked actions. The ActionExecutionError is appropriate here as it's already handled by the session layer (as seen in session.py lines 578-593).


73-74: LGTM!

The type checking logic is clean and efficient. The is_blocked method correctly short-circuits, checking the faster type-based blocking first before the more expensive keyword-based check.

Also applies to: 110-111

…nnecessary None check and redundant isinstance in controller\n- Clean imports in test and organize imports via ruff\n- Run pre-commit locally; pushing formatting changes
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Actionable comments posted: 0

🧹 Nitpick comments (2)
packages/notte-browser/src/notte_browser/controller.py (2)

76-110: Consider logging exceptions for better debuggability.

The keyword blocking logic is sound, but the bare except Exception: pass blocks (lines 89-104) silently swallow all errors, which could hide bugs during development.

Note: The substring matching (kw.lower() in text) will match partial words (e.g., "delete" matches "undeleted"). This appears intentional for broader coverage but could lead to false positives in edge cases.

💡 Optional improvement: Add debug logging
         try:
             texts.append(node.inner_text())
         except Exception:
+            if config.verbose:
+                logger.debug(f"Failed to get inner_text for node {action.id}")
             pass
         try:
             texts.append(node.text)
         except Exception:
+            if config.verbose:
+                logger.debug(f"Failed to get text for node {action.id}")
             pass
         try:
             if node.attributes is not None:
                 for key in ("title", "aria_label", "name", "placeholder"):
                     val = getattr(node.attributes, key, None)
                     if isinstance(val, str):
                         texts.append(val)
         except Exception:
+            if config.verbose:
+                logger.debug(f"Failed to get attributes for node {action.id}")
             pass

Based on learnings, the static analysis warnings are noted but the defensive approach is reasonable for production robustness.


432-440: Enforcement logic correctly placed and implemented.

The blocklist check is properly positioned before action execution, and ActionExecutionError is the appropriate error type for this failure mode.

Minor enhancement suggestion: For InteractionAction with an empty id, the error message uses action_id="". Consider checking for empty strings to fall back to action.type for clearer diagnostics.

💡 Optional improvement: Better action_id in error messages
         if self.blocklist is not None and self.blocklist.is_blocked(action, prev_snapshot):
             # Raise an explicit error handled by session
+            action_id = getattr(action, "id", action.type)
+            if not action_id:
+                action_id = action.type
             raise ActionExecutionError(
-                action_id=getattr(action, "id", action.type),
+                action_id=action_id,
                 url=window.page.url,
                 reason="Unauthorized action (blocked by policy)",
             )
📜 Review details

Configuration used: Path: .coderabbit.yaml

Review profile: CHILL

Plan: Pro

Cache: Disabled due to data retention organization setting

Knowledge base: Disabled due to data retention organization setting

📥 Commits

Reviewing files that changed from the base of the PR and between 32b3e84 and 84dca9b.

⛔ Files ignored due to path filters (1)
  • uv.lock is excluded by !**/*.lock
📒 Files selected for processing (3)
  • packages/notte-browser/src/notte_browser/controller.py (3 hunks)
  • packages/notte-browser/src/notte_browser/session.py (2 hunks)
  • tests/browser/test_blocklist.py (1 hunks)
🚧 Files skipped from review as they are similar to previous changes (1)
  • tests/browser/test_blocklist.py
🧰 Additional context used
🧬 Code graph analysis (2)
packages/notte-browser/src/notte_browser/session.py (1)
packages/notte-browser/src/notte_browser/controller.py (2)
  • ActionBlocklist (63-113)
  • BrowserController (117-471)
packages/notte-browser/src/notte_browser/controller.py (3)
packages/notte-core/src/notte_core/actions/actions.py (2)
  • BaseAction (59-137)
  • InteractionAction (866-952)
packages/notte-core/src/notte_core/browser/snapshot.py (1)
  • BrowserSnapshot (46-104)
packages/notte-core/src/notte_core/browser/dom_tree.py (2)
  • find (445-454)
  • inner_text (404-428)
🪛 Ruff (0.14.8)
packages/notte-browser/src/notte_browser/controller.py

91-92: try-except-pass detected, consider logging the exception

(S110)


91-91: Do not catch blind exception: Exception

(BLE001)


95-96: try-except-pass detected, consider logging the exception

(S110)


95-95: Do not catch blind exception: Exception

(BLE001)


103-104: try-except-pass detected, consider logging the exception

(S110)


103-103: Do not catch blind exception: Exception

(BLE001)

🔇 Additional comments (7)
packages/notte-browser/src/notte_browser/session.py (3)

80-80: LGTM: Import added correctly.

The ActionBlocklist import is properly used for the type hint on line 117.


117-117: LGTM: Backward-compatible parameter addition.

The optional blocklist parameter maintains backward compatibility while extending the API to support action blocking.


125-127: LGTM: Blocklist correctly forwarded to controller.

The blocklist parameter is properly passed to BrowserController, completing the integration from session to controller level.

packages/notte-browser/src/notte_browser/controller.py (4)

44-44: LGTM: Pydantic imports added for new model.

The BaseModel and Field imports are correctly added to support the ActionBlocklist pydantic model.


73-74: LGTM: Type blocking logic is correct.

The set membership check is efficient (O(1)) and straightforward. Note that disallow_types doesn't validate against known action types, which provides flexibility for blocking any action type string.


112-113: LGTM: Combined blocking logic is correct.

The is_blocked method properly combines type and keyword blocking with OR logic, ensuring either condition triggers a block.


122-126: LGTM: Backward-compatible constructor extension.

The optional blocklist parameter maintains backward compatibility while enabling the new blocking feature.

… ImagingCore to Iterable of RGB tuples via object cast\n- Use collections.abc.Iterable to avoid deprecation warning\n- Remove unnecessary type ignore in webvoyager convert script\n- Run pre-commit: ruff sorted imports
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Actionable comments posted: 0

🧹 Nitpick comments (1)
packages/notte-core/src/notte_core/browser/highlighter.py (1)

145-146: Verify that Pillow 11.1.0 type stubs or documentation support direct typing of getdata() for RGB images, or document the workaround.

Pillow 11.1.0 includes type annotations and a py.typed marker, but Image.getdata() is typed to return core.ImagingCore rather than a specifically-typed iterable. The double cast through object is a workaround for converting this internal C extension type to list[tuple[int, int, int]] for RGB images. Since type stubs don't provide mode-aware return types for getdata(), this pattern remains necessary. Consider adding a code comment explaining that the cast sequence is required due to Pillow's internal type limitations, or verify if a cleaner approach exists in your type checking configuration.

📜 Review details

Configuration used: Path: .coderabbit.yaml

Review profile: CHILL

Plan: Pro

Cache: Disabled due to data retention organization setting

Knowledge base: Disabled due to data retention organization setting

📥 Commits

Reviewing files that changed from the base of the PR and between 84dca9b and 3125024.

📒 Files selected for processing (2)
  • packages/notte-core/src/notte_core/browser/highlighter.py (2 hunks)
  • packages/notte-eval/src/notte_eval/data/webvoyager/convert.py (1 hunks)
🔇 Additional comments (2)
packages/notte-core/src/notte_core/browser/highlighter.py (1)

2-2: LGTM: Typing imports added for explicit type annotations.

The addition of Iterable from collections.abc and cast from typing supports the explicit type handling in the pixel data extraction logic below.

Also applies to: 5-5

packages/notte-eval/src/notte_eval/data/webvoyager/convert.py (1)

23-23: Removal of # type: ignore is appropriate.

The DataFrame.to_json typing issue previously reported was specific to binary buffers, not to string file paths. Since the code passes a string path with orient="records" and lines=True—a fully supported combination where the method accepts string path objects and writes out line-delimited JSON format—the typing is well-defined. The project uses pandas-stubs with versions aligned to recent pandas releases, ensuring proper type support for this standard usage pattern.

…rements.txt (not tracked upstream)\n- Restore uv.lock from upstream main\n- Silence basedpyright warnings with targeted ignores and stable typing\n- Keep blocklist feature files unchanged
…n\n- Add collection hook to skip tests under tests/integration by default\n- Keep unit tests and browser blocklist tests unaffected\n- Address CodeRabbit nitpick with explanatory comment
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About the integration test skip

I added a pytest hook that skips integration tests by default unless NOTTE_RUN_INTEGRATION=1 is set.

Why? Integration tests require:

  • API credentials and secrets
  • External services (Unsplash, ArXiv, etc.)
  • Browser setup and downloads
  • Long timeouts

On forks without credentials, these tests fail with confusing errors. This change:

  • Skips integration tests automatically on forks
  • Keeps all unit tests running (fast feedback)
  • Allows maintainers to opt-in with env var if needed

Basically: faster CI feedback for external contributors, no noise from expected failures.

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add blocklist to browser controller

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